'Catfishing:' The phenomenon of Internet scammers who fabricate online identities and entire social circles to trick people into romantic relationships

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The person catfishing can lure people to a place to kidnap, or hurt in any other way. A third episode reveals a man who didn't fabricate many facts about his life, but only misrepresented his appearance.

And the catfish themselves have also discovered some new tricks. This, coupled with our growing propensity to have intimate online relationships but keep the emotional walls up in the real world is creating some strange and sometimes disturbing psychological patterns. Most recently, Notre Dame Athletic Director Jack Swarbrick used the term 'catfish' to describe a hoax that one of his football players apparently fell for.

10 ways to catch out a catfish

It's difficult to trace the origin of most Internet phrases. In 2010, the documentary Catfish premiered at Sundance, and a cultural phenomenon was not only named, but truly christened. Nev Schulman, the subject of the 2010 documentary, first brought viewers into the world of deceptive online relationships as he attempted to track down an Internet love. The woman who turned out to be someone else entirely, a prankster using a false identity, fake pictures, and invented biographical details to trick Schulman into thinking she was real—and really in love with him. It was a perfect Internet-age mystery, with romance and heartbreak to spare. In 2012, Schulman and his friend Max Joseph spun their concept into a reality TV show on MTV. For three years now, Catfish: The TV Show's rapt audience has watched Schulman and Joseph help weekly participants navigate the murky waters of Internet love, using a sampling of techniques to play detective in order to find, contact, and expose whoever is hiding behind that Facebook profile. It almost always begins with a Facebook profile. Watching Catfish's progression is like watching the Internet's progression. We all grow less naive over time. Now three years on, Catfish: The TV Show is a hit. It returns to the airwaves tomorrow night, and as we watch the new episodes, it's worth asking: How has the show evolved as everybody gets smarter? Surely, the digital cuckolds have become harder to fool. And the catfish themselves have also discovered some new tricks. Really, watching Catfish's progression is like watching the Internet's progression. We all grow less naive over time. The social Web, he says, used to sort of serve as a business card or landing page, a sort of digital introduction. Now it's a way to catalog every single facet of our personalities. Go back and watch the first season of Catfish for proof. There's a formula: Facebook snooping, reverse image search, Googling a phone number. At the time, these methods ranged from totally obvious to fairly novel—but now, they're Internet 101. Now, the team has had to move beyond the basics. Before where they would take a number, they'd run it through places people wouldn't know function as search engines, like Facebook. They'll run a phone number through Facebook, get someone's page, put that page through Google, and eventually find something that gives them a hint. Now they dig much deeper. The duo still set up inside local coffee shops and hotel rooms, whip out their laptops, and go deep into the social Web—but with far greater resources to pull from. Instagram is now the first stop. Numbers of followers, who's following. The other thing they do that's really basic but that clarifies things really quickly is see if a photo is in the square Instagram shape. After being blown off, the team had an idea: Check her Instagram account for anything geotagged and see if they could plot her house. Instantly, the many written warnings about tagging your home on Instagram flooded back. Does the proliferation of mobile technology and social services make it easier to find the catfish, or does it give the prankster more ways to hide? It makes things infinitely easier, says Joseph. So you can start reading the results in a more educated way and putting things together faster. Now, they come in at around two. The tools have improved, too. For-pay databases like Spokeo weren't used in season one, but they have since become a go-to resource for the duo. One very practical thing the team does that most of the hopefuls don't think of: Crack a laptop. While a mobile lets you access just about every corner of the social web, really digging into the specifics of someone's profile, saving photos, keeping multiple tabs open—these things are better done on a computer. And that's something most teens—the show's primary participants—don't think to do. The smartphone is their world. The Kids Are Not Alright Of course, as search tools have gotten better and the investigative team has become more sophisticated, so too have the subjects who seek their aid. In season one, it's not unusual to see a hopeful with a cracked flip phone, no broadband access, or a computer without a webcam—something which becomes the eternal red flag as the inability to videochat makes the person easier to fool. Now, most of the show's hopefuls are Internet pros with Twitter, Vine, Snapchat, Instagram, and Facebook accounts. As the participants have gotten more net-savvy, Schulman says he's grown less sympathetic toward people who apply to be on the show. Like, 'You didn't think it would be a good idea to do a little legwork on your own? Watch one episode and you'll see how frighteningly easy it is for two well-trained dudes to uncover buckets of information. Max Joseph, who was absent for part of the recent season while he was directing the soon-to-be-released film We Are Your Friends, recently found himself on the other end of the game. Not long ago, someone cloned his wife's phone number and called him saying they were holding her hostage in his own home. Luckily it wasn't true, but it certainly gave him pause. Within a few searches I found everything about myself, so that was frightening. What will happen when it becomes too hard to hide, or when new legal issues over assuming false personhood arises, or when? There will be a moment in time where we'll look back at this Internet period and say, 'I can't believe that was legal then, there was this show called Catfish that explored the weird gray area of Internet fraud. 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The second case is rare. Nev Schulman, the glad of the 2010 documentary, first brought viewers into the world of deceptive online relationships as he attempted to track down an Internet love. Usually, the fabricated life displayed is the one they wish was their own, making it easy to act as if it is really them. It is then too for the predator to get information from the teen so that they can use that information to harm the victim. An Academic Look at CATFISH The word CATFISH can be used as a noun or a transitive verb. Even so, I've never been quite sure which one of us was being catfished. Catfishers ring fake profiles to trick people into thinking they are someone else. The film is credited with coining the term : a type of deceptive activity involving a person creating a internet catfish meaning social networking presence for nefarious purposes. In this context I would call it 'camping it up' - but la there's a special internet term for that. Here, CATFISH is a noun. The Kids Are Not Alright Of course, as search tools internet catfish meaning gotten better and the investigative team has become more sophisticated, so too have the subjects who seek their aid.